MANGALYAAN
India began countdown on Sunday to the launch of its most ambitious and risky space mission to date, sending a probe to Mars which was conceived in just 15 months on a tiny budget.The official countdown for blast-off of the Indian orbiter, nicknamed "Mangalyaan", began at 06:08am on Sunday, coinciding with Diwali, the festival of lights.
The government of India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian Space Research Organisation completed 
125 crore(US$19 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to 454 crore (US$69 million). However, the actual satellite costs only 153 crore (US$23 million). The rest of the budget has been attributed to ground stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects. The space agency had initially planned the launch on 28 October 2013 but was postponed to 5 November 2013 following the inability of ISRO's spacecraft tracking ships to take up pre-determined positions due to poor weather in the Pacific ocean. Launch opportunities for a fuel-saving Hohmann transfer orbit occur about every 26 months, in this case, 2016 and 2018.
125 crore(US$19 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to 454 crore (US$69 million). However, the actual satellite costs only 153 crore (US$23 million). The rest of the budget has been attributed to ground stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects. The space agency had initially planned the launch on 28 October 2013 but was postponed to 5 November 2013 following the inability of ISRO's spacecraft tracking ships to take up pre-determined positions due to poor weather in the Pacific ocean. Launch opportunities for a fuel-saving Hohmann transfer orbit occur about every 26 months, in this case, 2016 and 2018.
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